Discover the latest advancements in computing shortest paths in large-scale graphs with this insightful article on modern shortest path algorithms and graph optimization techniques. Learn about innovative approaches such as Pruned Landmark Labeling (PLL), hyperbolic embeddings, and GPU-accelerated learning that are revolutionizing speed and scalability. Delve into the world of index-based, embedding-based, and core-periphery algorithms to understand how structural assumptions like core-periphery organization are reshaping efficiency in real-world networks. Whether you're a researcher, developer, or simply curious about cutting-edge graph optimization methods, this article provides a comprehensive overview of practical and theoretical strategies that are driving advancements in this field. Stay ahead of the curve and elevate your understanding of graph optimization with the insights shared in this must-read piece.